Conduit BendingUpdated 2026-09-29
Offset multipliers and shrink per inch
| Angle | Multiplier | Exact csc θ | Shrink / inch | Exact tan(θ/2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10° | 6.0 | 5.759 | 1/16" | 0.087 |
| 15° | 3.9 | 3.864 | 1/8" | 0.132 |
| 22.5° | 2.6 | 2.613 | 3/16" | 0.199 |
| 30° | 2.0 | 2.000 | 1/4" | 0.268 |
| 45° | 1.4 | 1.414 | 3/8" | 0.414 |
| 60° | 1.2 | 1.155 | 1/2" | 0.577 |
Distance between bends = depth × multiplier. Shrink = depth × shrink per inch. Details in the offset calculator and the formulas.
Offset table: distance between bends / shrink
| Depth | 10° | 22.5° | 30° | 45° | 60° |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2" | 3" / 1/16" | 1-5/16" / 1/8" | 1" / 1/8" | 11/16" / 3/16" | 5/8" / 1/4" |
| 1" | 6" / 1/16" | 2-5/8" / 3/16" | 2" / 1/4" | 1-3/8" / 3/8" | 1-3/16" / 1/2" |
| 1-1/2" | 9" / 1/8" | 3-7/8" / 5/16" | 3" / 3/8" | 2-1/8" / 9/16" | 1-13/16" / 3/4" |
| 2" | 12" / 1/8" | 5-3/16" / 3/8" | 4" / 1/2" | 2-13/16" / 3/4" | 2-3/8" / 1" |
| 2-1/2" | 15" / 3/16" | 6-1/2" / 1/2" | 5" / 5/8" | 3-1/2" / 15/16" | 3" / 1-1/4" |
| 3" | 18" / 3/16" | 7-13/16" / 9/16" | 6" / 3/4" | 4-3/16" / 1-1/8" | 3-5/8" / 1-1/2" |
| 3-1/2" | 21" / 1/4" | 9-1/8" / 11/16" | 7" / 7/8" | 4-7/8" / 1-5/16" | 4-3/16" / 1-3/4" |
| 4" | 24" / 1/4" | 10-3/8" / 3/4" | 8" / 1" | 5-5/8" / 1-1/2" | 4-13/16" / 2" |
| 4-1/2" | 27" / 5/16" | 11-11/16" / 7/8" | 9" / 1-1/8" | 6-5/16" / 1-11/16" | 5-3/8" / 2-1/4" |
| 5" | 30" / 5/16" | 13" / 15/16" | 10" / 1-1/4" | 7" / 1-7/8" | 6" / 2-1/2" |
| 5-1/2" | 33" / 3/8" | 14-5/16" / 1-1/16" | 11" / 1-3/8" | 7-11/16" / 2-1/16" | 6-5/8" / 2-3/4" |
| 6" | 36" / 3/8" | 15-5/8" / 1-1/8" | 12" / 1-1/2" | 8-3/8" / 2-1/4" | 7-3/16" / 3" |
| 7" | 42" / 7/16" | 18-3/16" / 1-5/16" | 14" / 1-3/4" | 9-13/16" / 2-5/8" | 8-3/8" / 3-1/2" |
| 8" | 48" / 1/2" | 20-13/16" / 1-1/2" | 16" / 2" | 11-3/16" / 3" | 9-5/8" / 4" |
| 9" | 54" / 9/16" | 23-3/8" / 1-11/16" | 18" / 2-1/4" | 12-5/8" / 3-3/8" | 10-13/16" / 4-1/2" |
| 10" | 60" / 5/8" | 26" / 1-7/8" | 20" / 2-1/2" | 14" / 3-3/4" | 12" / 5" |
| 11" | 66" / 11/16" | 28-5/8" / 2-1/16" | 22" / 2-3/4" | 15-3/8" / 4-1/8" | 13-3/16" / 5-1/2" |
| 12" | 72" / 3/4" | 31-3/16" / 2-1/4" | 24" / 3" | 16-13/16" / 4-1/2" | 14-3/8" / 6" |
| 14" | 84" / 7/8" | 36-3/8" / 2-5/8" | 28" / 3-1/2" | 19-5/8" / 5-1/4" | 16-13/16" / 7" |
| 16" | 96" / 1" | 41-5/8" / 3" | 32" / 4" | 22-3/8" / 6" | 19-3/16" / 8" |
| 18" | 108" / 1-1/8" | 46-13/16" / 3-3/8" | 36" / 4-1/2" | 25-3/16" / 6-3/4" | 21-5/8" / 9" |
| 20" | 120" / 1-1/4" | 52" / 3-3/4" | 40" / 5" | 28" / 7-1/2" | 24" / 10" |
| 22" | 132" / 1-3/8" | 57-3/16" / 4-1/8" | 44" / 5-1/2" | 30-13/16" / 8-1/4" | 26-3/8" / 11" |
| 24" | 144" / 1-1/2" | 62-3/8" / 4-1/2" | 48" / 6" | 33-5/8" / 9" | 28-13/16" / 12" |
Values use the multipliers and shrink printed on hand benders, rounded to the nearest 1/16".
3-point saddle constants
| Center / outer | Center to each outer mark | Move center mark (shrink) |
|---|---|---|
| 45° / 22.5° | depth × 2.5 | 3/16" per inch |
| 60° / 30° | depth × 2.0 | 1/4" per inch |
| 90° / 45° | depth × 1.4 | 3/8" per inch |
Take-up (deduct) by bender
| EMT bender | Take-up | Rigid on the same shoe |
|---|---|---|
| 1/2" | 5" | — |
| 3/4" | 6" | 1/2" |
| 1" | 8" | 3/4" |
| 1-1/4" | 11" | 1" |
Gain, setback and radius for each shoe are on the bender deduct chart.
Printing this chart
Use your browser's print command: the menus, buttons and sidebar drop out and the tables print on their own. Tape a copy inside the gang box lid or the bender bucket.
Questions electricians ask
What is the conduit bending multiplier for 22.5 degrees?
The multiplier for 22.5° is 2.6 (exactly 2.613). Multiply the offset depth by 2.6 for the distance between bends; shrink is 3/16" per inch of depth.
What is the shrink for a 10 degree offset?
About 1/16" per inch of depth. The multiplier is 6, so 10° offsets are long and shallow: a 1" offset needs marks 6" apart and shrinks 1/16".
Why are the chart values different from the exact math?
The chart rounds to numbers that are easy to use with a tape. The exact values are 1 ÷ sin(angle) for the multiplier and tan(angle ÷ 2) for shrink. On shallow offsets the difference is under 1/16"; on deep offsets at 22.5° and 45° it can reach 1/8" or more.
The chart, worked out for you
- Type the depth, get both marks from the end of the pipe
- Any angle, not just the five on the chart
- Corrected for the radius of your shoe
- Offline in the basement, the tunnel and the plant
$7.99 one time · no subscription · no ads · works offline
Keep going
Distance between bends and shrink for any offset depth and angle.
Open →3-Point SaddleCenter mark shift and outer marks to hop over a pipe.
Open →Bender Take-Up ChartTake-up (deduct), gain and radius for EMT and rigid hand benders.
Open →Conduit Bending FormulasEvery formula behind offsets, saddles, 90s and kicks, with where each number comes from.
Open →KickTravel and shrink for a single bend, or the angle from rise and run.
Open →